makampani opangira mapepala a chimbudzi popanga madzi onyansa, gasi wonyansa, zotsalira za zinyalala, zinthu zapoizoni ndi phokoso zingayambitse kuipitsa kwakukulu kwa chilengedwe, kulamulira kwake, kupewa kapena kuthetsa chithandizo, kotero kuti chilengedwe chozungulira sichikhudzidwa kapena kukhudzidwa pang'ono, chakhala gawo lofunika kwambiri la mafakitale a mapepala a chimbudzi. Chimbudzi pepala makampani kuipitsidwa madzi ndi lalikulu, ndi, ngalande (zambiri kuposa matani 300 madzi pa tani zamkati ndi pepala chimbudzi), madzi otayira mu zili mkulu zili organic kanthu, biochemical mpweya kufunika (BOD) mkulu, inaimitsidwa zolimba (SS) zambiri, ndipo lili zinthu poizoni, ndi mtundu ndi fungo lachilendo kukhudza zaulimi, fungo laulimi, ndi ulimi wa ziweto ndi okhala m'madzi ndi chilengedwe malo. Kuchulukana kwazaka zambiri, zolimba zoyimitsidwa zimakwiritsa doko la mtsinje, ndikutulutsa fungo lapoizoni la hydrogen sulphide, zovulaza kwambiri.
Magwero oyipitsa Njira zazikulu zopangira mapepala akuchimbudzi ndikukonzekera zakuthupi, kupukutira, kuchira kwa alkali, kuthirira, kukopera mapepala akuchimbudzi ndi zina zotero. Zopangira zopangira zopangira zimapanga fumbi, khungwa, tchipisi tamatabwa, udzu utatha; pulping ndi alkali kuchira, blekning ndondomeko umatulutsa mpweya wotayidwa, fumbi, madzi oipa, zotsalira laimu, etc.; Kukopera mapepala akuchimbudzi kumatulutsa madzi oyera, onse amakhala ndi zowononga. Kuwonongeka kwa mafakitale opangira mapepala akuchimbudzi ku chilengedwe kumatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu a kuipitsidwa kwamadzi (Table 1), kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya (Table 2) ndi kuwononga zinyalala zolimba.
Zinyalala zowola ndi zamkati zowola, zamkati, makungwa, matabwa osweka, udzu, udzu, udzu, dothi loyera lokhala ndi silika, laimu slag, sulfuric iron ore slag, phulusa la malasha, ndi zina zotere, zomwe zimalowa pamalowo, ndikutuluka m'madzi avumbi kuti aipitse madzi ndi magwero apansi. Phokoso la phokoso, lilinso vuto lalikulu pamakampani opanga mapepala akuchimbudzi.
Kupewa ndi kuwononga kuwononga kutha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: mankhwala osavulaza omwe ali pamalopo komanso kuthira madzi otayira kunja kwa malo.
Pepala lachimbudzi la Yashi limakongoletsedwa m'njira yonse yakuthupi. Kupanga sikuvulaza thupi la munthu. Chomalizidwacho chilibe zotsalira za mankhwala owopsa ndipo ndi athanzi komanso otetezeka. Gwiritsani ntchito gasi wachilengedwe m'malo mwamafuta achikhalidwe kuti mupewe kuipitsidwa kwa utsi mumpweya. Chotsani kuyeretsa, sungani mtundu wakale wa ulusi wazomera, chepetsani madzi opangira madzi, pewani kutayidwa kwa zimbudzi zothira, ndikuteteza chilengedwe.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-13-2024
