Makampani opanga mapepala a zimbudzi popanga madzi otayira, mpweya wotayira, zinyalala zotsalira, zinthu zoopsa komanso phokoso zimatha kuipitsa chilengedwe kwambiri, kuwongolera, kupewa kapena kuchotsa chithandizo, kotero kuti chilengedwe chozungulira sichikhudzidwa kapena kuchepetsedwa, chakhala gawo lofunika kwambiri la makampani opanga mapepala a zimbudzi. Makampani opanga mapepala a zimbudzi ndi kuipitsa madzi ndi kwakukulu, ndi, madzi otayira (nthawi zambiri matani opitilira 300 a madzi pa tani ya zamkati ndi pepala la chimbudzi), madzi otayira ali ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe, kufunika kwa mpweya wa biochemical (BOD) kumakhala kwakukulu, zinthu zolimba zoyimitsidwa (SS) zimakhala zambiri, ndipo zimakhala ndi zinthu zoopsa, zokhala ndi mtundu wosiyana, zomwe zimaika pachiwopsezo kukula kwa zamoyo zam'madzi, zomwe zimakhudza mafakitale, ulimi ndi ziweto komanso okhala m'madzi ndi malo osungira zachilengedwe. Pakapita nthawi, zinthu zolimba zoyimitsidwa zidzadzaza gombe la mtsinje, ndikupanga fungo la poizoni la hydrogen sulfide, zomwe zimawononga kwambiri.
Magwero a kuipitsa Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimachitika mumakampani opanga mapepala a zimbudzi ndi kukonza zinthu zopangira, kupukuta, kubwezeretsa alkali, kupukuta, kukopera mapepala a zimbudzi ndi zina zotero. Njira yokonzekera zinthu zopangira imapanga fumbi, makungwa, matabwa, udzu; kupukuta ndi kubwezeretsa alkali, kupukuta kumapanga mpweya wotulutsa utsi, fumbi, madzi otayira, zotsalira za laimu, ndi zina zotero; njira yokopera mapepala a zimbudzi imapanga madzi oyera, zonse zimakhala ndi zinthu zoipitsa. Kuipitsa kwa makampani opanga mapepala a zimbudzi ku chilengedwe kungagawidwe m'magulu atatu a kuipitsa madzi (Table 1), kuipitsa mpweya (Table 2) ndi kuipitsa zinyalala zolimba.
Zinyalala zolimba ndi zamkati zowola, matope a pulp, makungwa, zidutswa zamatabwa zosweka, udzu, mizu ya udzu, udzu, matope oyera okhala ndi silica, matope a lime, matope a sulfuric iron ore, matope a malasha, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimalowa m'malo mwake, kutuluka m'madzi onyowa kuti ziipitse madzi ndi madzi apansi panthaka. Vuto la phokoso ndi lomwelinso lalikulu m'makampani opanga mapepala a zimbudzi.
Kupewa ndi kuletsa kuipitsa kungagawidwe m'magulu awiri: kuchiza popanda vuto pamalopo ndi kuchiza madzi otayira kunja kwa malopo.
Mapepala a chimbudzi a Yashi amapukutidwa nthawi yonse yogwira ntchito. Njira yopangira siivulaza thupi la munthu. Chogulitsacho chilibe zotsalira za mankhwala owopsa ndipo ndi chathanzi komanso chotetezeka. Gwiritsani ntchito gasi wachilengedwe m'malo mwa mafuta achikhalidwe kuti mupewe kuipitsidwa ndi utsi mumlengalenga. Chotsani njira yochotsera utsi, sungani mtundu woyambirira wa ulusi wa zomera, chepetsani kugwiritsa ntchito madzi, pewani kutulutsa zinyalala zoyera, ndikuteteza chilengedwe.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-13-2024
